Vendor Description
“SIGLENT is an international high-tech company, concentrating on R&D, sales, production and services of measurement products. As an ISO9001:2000 International Quality Management System and ISO 14001:2004 Environmental Management System Certified company, SIGLENT is also a member of the China Electronic Instrument Industry Association and Guangdong Instrument Representative Association.
[…]
SIGLENT focuses on the electronic test & measurement instrument industry and sees research & development as a core competency, while keeping a strong competitive edge through technology innovation and strict quality control. Try a Siglent product. Then compare the performance and the features to any other model, any other brand. Then compare the price. We believe there is no better value anyplace.”
Source: http://www.siglenteu.com/about.aspx
Business Recommendation
The identified backdoor accounts are accessible through Telnet, hence a compromise of the device via a local network attack is possible. Any malicious modification of measurement values may have serious impact on the product or service which is created or offered by using this oscilloscope. Therefore, all procedures which are executed with this device are untrustworthy.
SEC Consult recommends not to use this product within a network of a production environment until a thorough security review has been performed by security professionals and all identified issues have been resolved.
The vendor was unresponsive and did not provide a patch.
Vulnerability Overview/ Description
1) Hardcoded Backdoor Accounts
Two backdoor accounts are present on the system. A Telnet service is listening on port 23 which enables an attacker to connect as root to the oscilloscope via LAN.
The password hashes are hardcoded and are difficult to change for the end user because the “shadow” file is stored on a cramfs (intentionally read-only) file system.
2) Missing Authentication / Design Issue
The software “EasyScopeX” can be used from any computer in the network to configure and interact with the oscilloscope. This is possible without prior authentication which enables everyone to change settings on the oscilloscope.
3) Unencrypted Communication
The software “EasyScopeX” communicates via unencrypted TCP packets with the client computer / oscilloscope.
4) Outdated and Vulnerable Software Components
Multiple software components embedded in the firmware are outdated and found to be vulnerable to various publicly known security issues.
Proof Of Concept
1) Hardcoded Backdoor Accounts
The following password hashes were dumped from “/etc/shadow” by connecting to the UART interface on the PCB:
root
siglent
(The password hashes have been removed from this advisory)
2) Missing Authentication / Design Issue
It is sufficient to install the “EasyScopeX” software and control the oscilloscope without any authentication.
3) Unencrypted Communication
The software “EasyScopeX” communicates in plaintext via various ports by using the portmapper. The default ports are “5024” and “5025”.
4) Outdated and Vulnerable Software Components
Using the IoT Inspector software we found the following outdated and vulnerable components:
- BusyBox 1.20.1
- GNU glibc 2.13
- Linux Kernel 3.19.0
Vulnerable / Tested Versions
The following device / firmware version has been tested:
- Siglent SDS1202X-E (V5.1.3.13)
It is assumed that other firmware versions are affected as well.